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Merge branch 'feature-fa-Brun-dripping-film-injection' into 'develop'

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ENH: Brun dripping film injection

See merge request Development/openfoam!580
This commit is contained in:
Andrew Heather 2022-12-01 13:58:33 +00:00
commit f9191b9377
6 changed files with 639 additions and 0 deletions
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1
src/faOptions/Make/files
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@ -17,5 +17,6 @@ $(derivedSources)/externalFileSource/externalFileSource.C
corrections=corrections corrections=corrections
$(corrections)/limitVelocity/limitVelocity.C $(corrections)/limitVelocity/limitVelocity.C
$(corrections)/limitHeight/limitHeight.C
LIB = $(FOAM_LIBBIN)/libfaOptions LIB = $(FOAM_LIBBIN)/libfaOptions

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src/faOptions/corrections/limitHeight/limitHeight.C Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
========= |
\\ / F ield | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
\\ / O peration |
\\ / A nd | www.openfoam.com
\\/ M anipulation |
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Copyright (C) 2022 OpenCFD Ltd.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
License
This file is part of OpenFOAM.
OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with OpenFOAM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "limitHeight.H"
#include "areaFields.H"
#include "addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H"
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
namespace Foam
{
namespace fa
{
defineTypeNameAndDebug(limitHeight, 0);
addToRunTimeSelectionTable
(
option,
limitHeight,
dictionary
);
}
}
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
Foam::fa::limitHeight::limitHeight
(
const word& name,
const word& modelType,
const dictionary& dict,
const fvMesh& mesh
)
:
faceSetOption(name, modelType, dict, mesh),
hName_("h"),
max_(0) // overwritten later
{
read(dict);
}
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
bool Foam::fa::limitHeight::read(const dictionary& dict)
{
if (!faceSetOption::read(dict))
{
return false;
}
coeffs_.readIfPresent("h", hName_);
coeffs_.readEntry("max", max_);
fieldNames_.resize(1, hName_);
applied_.resize(1, false);
return true;
}
void Foam::fa::limitHeight::correct(areaScalarField& h)
{
// Count nTotFaces ourselves
// (maybe only applying on a subset)
label nFacesAbove = 0;
const label nTotFaces = returnReduce(faces_.size(), sumOp<label>());
scalarField& hif = h.primitiveFieldRef();
for (const label facei : faces_)
{
auto& hval = hif[facei];
if (hval > max_)
{
hval *= max_/max(hval, SMALL);
++nFacesAbove;
}
}
// Handle boundaries in the case of 'all'
label nEdgesAbove = 0;
if (!faceSetOption::useSubMesh())
{
for (faPatchScalarField& hp : h.boundaryFieldRef())
{
if (!hp.fixesValue())
{
for (auto& hval : hp)
{
if (hval > max_)
{
hval *= max_/max(hval, SMALL);
++nEdgesAbove;
}
}
}
}
}
// Percent, max 2 decimal places
const auto percent = [](scalar num, label denom) -> scalar
{
return (denom ? 1e-2*round(1e4*num/denom) : 0);
};
reduce(nFacesAbove, sumOp<label>());
reduce(nEdgesAbove, sumOp<label>());
Info<< type() << ' ' << name_ << " Limited "
<< nFacesAbove << " ("
<< percent(nFacesAbove, nTotFaces)
<< "%) of faces, with max limit " << max_ << endl;
if (nFacesAbove || nEdgesAbove)
{
// We've changed internal values so give
// boundary conditions opportunity to correct
h.correctBoundaryConditions();
}
}
// ************************************************************************* //

153
src/faOptions/corrections/limitHeight/limitHeight.H Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
========= |
\\ / F ield | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
\\ / O peration |
\\ / A nd | www.openfoam.com
\\/ M anipulation |
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Copyright (C) 2022 OpenCFD Ltd.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
License
This file is part of OpenFOAM.
OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with OpenFOAM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
Class
Foam::fa::limitHeight
Description
Limits the film height to a specified \c max value.
The \c limitHeight applies an explicit correction to limit the max film
height to the user-specified value. This will ensure that the max value
is adhered to, but may become unstable if the limiting instigates an
oscillatory/destabilising effect into neighbouring faces that then spreads.
Usage
Minimal example by using \c constant/faOptions:
\verbatim
<faOption>
{
// Mandatory entries
type limitHeight;
active yes;
selectionMode all;
max <scalar>;
// Optional entries
h <word>;
// Inherited entries
...
}
\endverbatim
where the entries mean:
\table
Property | Description | Type | Reqd | Deflt
type | Type name: limitHeight | word | yes | -
max | Maximum height limit [m] | scalar | yes | -
h | Name of operand height field | word | no | h
\endtable
The inherited entries are elaborated in:
- \link faceSetOption.H \endlink
SourceFiles
limitHeight.C
\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#ifndef fa_limitHeight_H
#define fa_limitHeight_H
#include "faceSetOption.H"
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
namespace Foam
{
namespace fa
{
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
Class limitHeight Declaration
\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
class limitHeight
:
public faceSetOption
{
protected:
// Protected Data
//- Name of operand height field
word hName_;
//- Maximum height [m]
scalar max_;
// Protected Member Functions
//- No copy construct
limitHeight(const limitHeight&) = delete;
//- No copy assignment
void operator=(const limitHeight&) = delete;
public:
//- Runtime type information
TypeName("limitHeight");
// Constructors
//- Construct from components
limitHeight
(
const word& name,
const word& modelType,
const dictionary& dict,
const fvMesh& mesh
);
//- Destructor
virtual ~limitHeight() = default;
// Member Functions
//- Read dictionary
virtual bool read(const dictionary& dict);
//- Correct the height field
virtual void correct(areaScalarField& h);
};
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
} // End namespace fv
} // End namespace Foam
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
#endif
// ************************************************************************* //

1
src/regionFaModels/Make/files
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@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ liquidFilm/subModels/kinematic/injectionModel/injectionModel/injectionModel.C
liquidFilm/subModels/kinematic/injectionModel/injectionModel/injectionModelNew.C liquidFilm/subModels/kinematic/injectionModel/injectionModel/injectionModelNew.C
liquidFilm/subModels/kinematic/injectionModel/curvatureSeparation/curvatureSeparation.C liquidFilm/subModels/kinematic/injectionModel/curvatureSeparation/curvatureSeparation.C
liquidFilm/subModels/kinematic/injectionModel/BrunDrippingInjection/BrunDrippingInjection.C
liquidFilm/subModels/kinematic/force/forceList/forceList.C liquidFilm/subModels/kinematic/force/forceList/forceList.C
liquidFilm/subModels/kinematic/force/force/force.C liquidFilm/subModels/kinematic/force/force/force.C

147
src/regionFaModels/liquidFilm/subModels/kinematic/injectionModel/BrunDrippingInjection/BrunDrippingInjection.C Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
========= |
\\ / F ield | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
\\ / O peration |
\\ / A nd | www.openfoam.com
\\/ M anipulation |
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Copyright (C) 2016-2017 OpenFOAM Foundation
Copyright (C) 2020-2022 OpenCFD Ltd.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
License
This file is part of OpenFOAM.
OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with OpenFOAM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "BrunDrippingInjection.H"
#include "addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H"
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
namespace Foam
{
namespace regionModels
{
namespace areaSurfaceFilmModels
{
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
defineTypeNameAndDebug(BrunDrippingInjection, 0);
addToRunTimeSelectionTable
(
injectionModel,
BrunDrippingInjection,
dictionary
);
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
BrunDrippingInjection::BrunDrippingInjection
(
liquidFilmBase& film,
const dictionary& dict
)
:
injectionModel(type(), film, dict),
ubarStar_
(
coeffDict_.getCheckOrDefault<scalar>
(
"ubarStar",
1.62208,
scalarMinMax::ge(SMALL)
)
),
dCoeff_(coeffDict_.getOrDefault<scalar>("dCoeff", 3.3)),
deltaStable_(coeffDict_.getOrDefault<scalar>("deltaStable", 0)),
diameter_(film.regionMesh().nFaces(), -1.0)
{}
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
void BrunDrippingInjection::correct
(
scalarField& availableMass,
scalarField& massToInject,
scalarField& diameterToInject
)
{
// Calculate available dripping mass
tmp<areaScalarField> tsinAlpha = -film().gn()/mag(film().g());
const scalarField& sinAlpha = tsinAlpha();
const areaScalarField& delta = film().h();
const areaScalarField& rho = film().rho();
const areaScalarField& sigma = film().sigma();
const scalar magg = mag(film().g().value());
forAll(delta, facei)
{
bool dripping = false;
if (sinAlpha[facei] > SMALL && delta[facei] > deltaStable_)
{
const scalar rhoc = rho[facei];
const scalar lc = sqrt(sigma[facei]/(rhoc*magg));
const scalar deltaStable = max
(
3*lc*sqrt(1 - sqr(sinAlpha[facei]))
/(ubarStar_*sqrt(sinAlpha[facei])*sinAlpha[facei]),
deltaStable_
);
if (delta[facei] > deltaStable)
{
const scalar massDrip =
availableMass[facei]*(delta[facei] - deltaStable);
if (massDrip > 0)
{
const scalar diam = dCoeff_*lc;
diameter_[facei] = diam;
massToInject[facei] += massDrip;
availableMass[facei] -= massDrip;
diameterToInject[facei] = diam;
addToInjectedMass(massDrip);
dripping = true;
}
}
}
if (!dripping)
{
diameterToInject[facei] = 0;
massToInject[facei] = 0;
}
}
injectionModel::correct();
}
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
} // End namespace areaSurfaceFilmModels
} // End namespace regionModels
} // End namespace Foam
// ************************************************************************* //

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src/regionFaModels/liquidFilm/subModels/kinematic/injectionModel/BrunDrippingInjection/BrunDrippingInjection.H Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,185 @@
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
========= |
\\ / F ield | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
\\ / O peration |
\\ / A nd | www.openfoam.com
\\/ M anipulation |
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Copyright (C) 2016-2017 OpenFOAM Foundation
Copyright (C) 2022 OpenCFD Ltd.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
License
This file is part of OpenFOAM.
OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with OpenFOAM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
Class
Foam::regionModels::areaSurfaceFilmModels::BrunDrippingInjection
Description
Film-dripping mass-transfer model.
If the film thickness exceeds the critical value needed to generate one or
more drops, the equivalent mass is removed from the film. The critical film
thickness is calculated from the Rayleigh-Taylor stability analysis of film
flow on an inclined plane, proposed by (Brun et. al., 2015).
Reference:
\verbatim
Brun, P. T., Damiano, A., Rieu, P., Balestra, G., & Gallaire, F. (2015).
Rayleigh-Taylor instability under an inclined plane.
Physics of Fluids, 27(8), 084107.
DOI:10.1063/1.4927857
\endverbatim
The diameter of the drops formed are obtained from the local
capillary length multiplied by the \c dCoeff coefficient.
Reference:
\verbatim
Lefebvre, A. (1988).
Atomization and sprays
(Vol. 1040, No. 2756). CRC press.
\endverbatim
Usage
Minimal example:
\verbatim
injectionModels
(
BrunDrippingInjection
);
BrunDrippingInjectionCoeffs
{
// Optional entries
ubarStar <scalar>;
dCoeff <scalar>;
deltaStable <scalar>;
}
\endverbatim
where the entries mean:
\table
Property | Description | Type | Reqd | Deflt
type | Type name: BrunDrippingInjection | word | yes | -
ubarStar | Critical non-dimensional interface velocity <!--
--> | scalar | yes | 1.62208
dCoeff | Coefficient relating the diameter of the drops <!--
--> formed to the capillary length | scalar | yes | 3.3
deltaStable | Stable film thickness | scalar | yes | 0
\endtable
The inherited entries are elaborated in:
- \link injectionModel.H \endlink
SourceFiles
BrunDrippingInjection.C
\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#ifndef areaSurfaceFilmModels_BrunDrippingInjection_H
#define areaSurfaceFilmModels_BrunDrippingInjection_H
#include "injectionModel.H"
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
namespace Foam
{
namespace regionModels
{
namespace areaSurfaceFilmModels
{
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
Class BrunDrippingInjection Declaration
\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
class BrunDrippingInjection
:
public injectionModel
{
// Private Member Functions
//- No copy construct
BrunDrippingInjection(const BrunDrippingInjection&) = delete;
//- No copy assignment
void operator=(const BrunDrippingInjection&) = delete;
protected:
// Protected Data
//- Critical non-dimensional interface velocity
// Coefficient in the film angle stability function.
scalar ubarStar_;
//- Coefficient relating the diameter of the drops formed to
//- the capillary length.
scalar dCoeff_;
//- Stable film thickness - drips only formed if thickness
//- exceeds this threshold value
scalar deltaStable_;
//- Diameters of particles to inject into the dripping
scalarList diameter_;
public:
//- Runtime type information
TypeName("BrunDrippingInjection");
// Constructors
//- Construct from surface film model
BrunDrippingInjection
(
liquidFilmBase& film,
const dictionary& dict
);
//- Destructor
virtual ~BrunDrippingInjection() = default;
// Member Functions
//- Correct
virtual void correct
(
scalarField& availableMass,
scalarField& massToInject,
scalarField& diameterToInject
);
};
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
} // End namespace areaSurfaceFilmModels
} // End namespace regionModels
} // End namespace Foam
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
#endif
// ************************************************************************* //