- previously hard-coded, now adjustable within PDRsetFieldsDict
// Change some predefined patch names
patchNames
{
ground ground;
outer outer;
}
ENH: additions to PDRutils, improve comments
- expose enumerated expansion names and gridControl (PDRblock).
Not commonly needed, but useful to have access when defining
other grid generators
TUT: update PDRsetFieldsDict and tutorials to use "ground"
- remove tutorial references to unused types and legacy obstacles
- use "ground" for the boundary conditions instead of "seaGround".
Consistent with PDRblockMesh
- helps reduce clutter in the topoSetDict files.
Caveats when using this.
The older specification styles using "name" will conflict with the
set name. Eg,
{
name f0
type faceSet;
action add;
source patchToFace;
sourceInfo
{
name inlet;
}
}
would flattened to the following
{
name f0
type faceSet;
action add;
source patchToFace;
name inlet;
}
which overwrites the "name" used for the faceSet.
The solution is to use the updated syntax:
{
name f0
type faceSet;
action add;
source patchToFace;
patch inlet;
}
Within decomposeParDict, it is now possible to specify a different
decomposition method, methods coefficients or number of subdomains
for each region individually.
The top-level numberOfSubdomains remains mandatory, since this
specifies the number of domains for the entire simulation.
The individual regions may use the same number or fewer domains.
Any optional method coefficients can be specified in a general
"coeffs" entry or a method-specific one, eg "metisCoeffs".
For multiLevel, only the method-specific "multiLevelCoeffs" dictionary
is used, and is also mandatory.
----
ENH: shortcut specification for multiLevel.
In addition to the longer dictionary form, it is also possible to
use a shorter notation for multiLevel decomposition when the same
decomposition method applies to each level.
- although this has been supported for many years, the tutorials
continued to use "convertToMeters" entry, which is specific to blockMesh.
The "scale" is more consistent with other dictionaries.
ENH:
- ignore "scale 0;" (treat as no scaling) for blockMeshDict,
consistent with use elsewhere.
except turbulence and lagrangian which will also be updated shortly.
For example in the nonNewtonianIcoFoam offsetCylinder tutorial the viscosity
model coefficients may be specified in the corresponding "<type>Coeffs"
sub-dictionary:
transportModel CrossPowerLaw;
CrossPowerLawCoeffs
{
nu0 [0 2 -1 0 0 0 0] 0.01;
nuInf [0 2 -1 0 0 0 0] 10;
m [0 0 1 0 0 0 0] 0.4;
n [0 0 0 0 0 0 0] 3;
}
BirdCarreauCoeffs
{
nu0 [0 2 -1 0 0 0 0] 1e-06;
nuInf [0 2 -1 0 0 0 0] 1e-06;
k [0 0 1 0 0 0 0] 0;
n [0 0 0 0 0 0 0] 1;
}
which allows a quick change between models, or using the simpler
transportModel CrossPowerLaw;
nu0 [0 2 -1 0 0 0 0] 0.01;
nuInf [0 2 -1 0 0 0 0] 10;
m [0 0 1 0 0 0 0] 0.4;
n [0 0 0 0 0 0 0] 3;
if quick switching between models is not required.
To support this more convenient parameter specification the inconsistent
specification of seedSampleSet in the streamLine and wallBoundedStreamLine
functionObjects had to be corrected from
// Seeding method.
seedSampleSet uniform; //cloud; //triSurfaceMeshPointSet;
uniformCoeffs
{
type uniform;
axis x; //distance;
// Note: tracks slightly offset so as not to be on a face
start (-1.001 -0.05 0.0011);
end (-1.001 -0.05 1.0011);
nPoints 20;
}
to the simpler
// Seeding method.
seedSampleSet
{
type uniform;
axis x; //distance;
// Note: tracks slightly offset so as not to be on a face
start (-1.001 -0.05 0.0011);
end (-1.001 -0.05 1.0011);
nPoints 20;
}
which also support the "<type>Coeffs" form
// Seeding method.
seedSampleSet
{
type uniform;
uniformCoeffs
{
axis x; //distance;
// Note: tracks slightly offset so as not to be on a face
start (-1.001 -0.05 0.0011);
end (-1.001 -0.05 1.0011);
nPoints 20;
}
}
The fundamental properties provided by the specie class hierarchy were
mole-based, i.e. provide the properties per mole whereas the fundamental
properties provided by the liquidProperties and solidProperties classes are
mass-based, i.e. per unit mass. This inconsistency made it impossible to
instantiate the thermodynamics packages (rhoThermo, psiThermo) used by the FV
transport solvers on liquidProperties. In order to combine VoF with film and/or
Lagrangian models it is essential that the physical propertied of the three
representations of the liquid are consistent which means that it is necessary to
instantiate the thermodynamics packages on liquidProperties. This requires
either liquidProperties to be rewritten mole-based or the specie classes to be
rewritten mass-based. Given that most of OpenFOAM solvers operate
mass-based (solve for mass-fractions and provide mass-fractions to sub-models it
is more consistent and efficient if the low-level thermodynamics is also
mass-based.
This commit includes all of the changes necessary for all of the thermodynamics
in OpenFOAM to operate mass-based and supports the instantiation of
thermodynamics packages on liquidProperties.
Note that most users, developers and contributors to OpenFOAM will not notice
any difference in the operation of the code except that the confusing
nMoles 1;
entries in the thermophysicalProperties files are no longer needed or used and
have been removed in this commet. The only substantial change to the internals
is that species thermodynamics are now "mixed" with mass rather than mole
fractions. This is more convenient except for defining reaction equilibrium
thermodynamics for which the molar rather than mass composition is usually know.
The consequence of this can be seen in the adiabaticFlameT, equilibriumCO and
equilibriumFlameT utilities in which the species thermodynamics are
pre-multiplied by their molecular mass to effectively convert them to mole-basis
to simplify the definition of the reaction equilibrium thermodynamics, e.g. in
equilibriumCO
// Reactants (mole-based)
thermo FUEL(thermoData.subDict(fuelName)); FUEL *= FUEL.W();
// Oxidant (mole-based)
thermo O2(thermoData.subDict("O2")); O2 *= O2.W();
thermo N2(thermoData.subDict("N2")); N2 *= N2.W();
// Intermediates (mole-based)
thermo H2(thermoData.subDict("H2")); H2 *= H2.W();
// Products (mole-based)
thermo CO2(thermoData.subDict("CO2")); CO2 *= CO2.W();
thermo H2O(thermoData.subDict("H2O")); H2O *= H2O.W();
thermo CO(thermoData.subDict("CO")); CO *= CO.W();
// Product dissociation reactions
thermo CO2BreakUp
(
CO2 == CO + 0.5*O2
);
thermo H2OBreakUp
(
H2O == H2 + 0.5*O2
);
Please report any problems with this substantial but necessary rewrite of the
thermodynamic at https://bugs.openfoam.org
Henry G. Weller
CFD Direct Ltd.
using a run-time selectable preconditioner
References:
Van der Vorst, H. A. (1992).
Bi-CGSTAB: A fast and smoothly converging variant of Bi-CG
for the solution of nonsymmetric linear systems.
SIAM Journal on scientific and Statistical Computing, 13(2), 631-644.
Barrett, R., Berry, M. W., Chan, T. F., Demmel, J., Donato, J.,
Dongarra, J., Eijkhout, V., Pozo, R., Romine, C. & Van der Vorst, H.
(1994).
Templates for the solution of linear systems:
building blocks for iterative methods
(Vol. 43). Siam.
See also: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biconjugate_gradient_stabilized_method
Tests have shown that PBiCGStab with the DILU preconditioner is more
robust, reliable and shows faster convergence (~2x) than PBiCG with
DILU, in particular in parallel where PBiCG occasionally diverges.
This remarkable improvement over PBiCG prompted the update of all
tutorial cases currently using PBiCG to use PBiCGStab instead. If any
issues arise with this update please report on Mantis: http://bugs.openfoam.org
Added the option '-subDict' to specify a sub-dictionary if multiple
replacement sets are present in the same file. This also provides
backward compatibility by setting '-subDict dictionaryReplacement'
In most boundary conditions, fvOptions etc. required and optional fields
to be looked-up from the objectRegistry are selected by setting the
keyword corresponding to the standard field name in the BC etc. to the
appropriate name in the objectRegistry. Usually a default is provided
with sets the field name to the keyword name, e.g. in the
totalPressureFvPatchScalarField the velocity is selected by setting the
keyword 'U' to the appropriate name which defaults to 'U':
Property | Description | Required | Default value
U | velocity field name | no | U
phi | flux field name | no | phi
.
.
.
However, in some BCs and functionObjects and many fvOptions another
convention is used in which the field name keyword is appended by 'Name'
e.g.
Property | Description | Required | Default value
pName | pressure field name | no | p
UName | velocity field name | no | U
This difference in convention is unnecessary and confusing, hinders code
and dictionary reuse and complicates code maintenance. In this commit
the appended 'Name' is removed from the field selection keywords
standardizing OpenFOAM on the first convention above.
See http://www.openfoam.org/mantisbt/view.php?id=2076
- .org is the file extension for emacs org-mode as well
- .orig is more to the point (.org isn't always recognized as "original")
- .original is too long, although more consistent with the convention
of source code file naming
Update script contributed by Bruno Santos
so that the specification of the name and dimensions are optional in property dictionaries.
Update tutorials so that the name of the dimensionedScalar property is
no longer duplicated but optional dimensions are still provided and are
checked on read.
For multi-region cases the default location of blockMeshDict is now system/<region name>
If the blockMeshDict is not found in system then the constant directory
is also checked providing backward-compatibility
The old separate incompressible and compressible libraries have been removed.
Most of the commonly used RANS and LES models have been upgraded to the
new framework but there are a few missing which will be added over the
next few days, in particular the realizable k-epsilon model. Some of
the less common incompressible RANS models have been introduced into the
new library instantiated for incompressible flow only. If they prove to
be generally useful they can be templated for compressible and
multiphase application.
The Spalart-Allmaras DDES and IDDES models have been thoroughly
debugged, removing serious errors concerning the use of S rather than
Omega.
The compressible instances of the models have been augmented by a simple
backward-compatible eddyDiffusivity model for thermal transport based on
alphat and alphaEff. This will be replaced with a separate run-time
selectable thermal transport model framework in a few weeks.
For simplicity and ease of maintenance and further development the
turbulent transport and wall modeling is based on nut/nuEff rather than
mut/muEff for compressible models so that all forms of turbulence models
can use the same wall-functions and other BCs.
All turbulence model selection made in the constant/turbulenceProperties
dictionary with RAS and LES as sub-dictionaries rather than in separate
files which added huge complexity for multiphase.
All tutorials have been updated so study the changes and update your own
cases by comparison with similar cases provided.
Sorry for the inconvenience in the break in backward-compatibility but
this update to the turbulence modeling is an essential step in the
future of OpenFOAM to allow more models to be added and maintained for a
wider range of cases and physics. Over the next weeks and months more
turbulence models will be added of single and multiphase flow, more
additional sub-models and further development and testing of existing
models. I hope this brings benefits to all OpenFOAM users.
Henry G. Weller
