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1c2093c8b3
openfoam/applications/solvers/multiphase/twoPhaseEulerFoam/twoPhaseSystem/twoPhaseSystem.C
Henry Weller 1c2093c8b3 Multi-phase solvers: Improved handling of inflow/outflow BCs in MULES 
Avoids slight phase-fraction unboundedness at entertainment BCs and improved
robustness.

Additionally the phase-fractions in the multi-phase (rather than two-phase)
solvers are adjusted to avoid the slow growth of inconsistency ("drift") caused
by solving for all of the phase-fractions rather than deriving one from the
others.
2017-01-17 22:43:47 +00:00

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/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
========= |
\\ / F ield | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
\\ / O peration |
\\ / A nd | Copyright (C) 2013-2017 OpenFOAM Foundation
\\/ M anipulation |
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
License
This file is part of OpenFOAM.
OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with OpenFOAM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "twoPhaseSystem.H"
#include "PhaseCompressibleTurbulenceModel.H"
#include "BlendedInterfacialModel.H"
#include "virtualMassModel.H"
#include "heatTransferModel.H"
#include "liftModel.H"
#include "wallLubricationModel.H"
#include "turbulentDispersionModel.H"
#include "fvMatrix.H"
#include "surfaceInterpolate.H"
#include "MULES.H"
#include "subCycle.H"
#include "fvcDdt.H"
#include "fvcDiv.H"
#include "fvcSnGrad.H"
#include "fvcFlux.H"
#include "fvcCurl.H"
#include "fvmDdt.H"
#include "fvmLaplacian.H"
#include "fixedValueFvsPatchFields.H"
#include "blendingMethod.H"
#include "HashPtrTable.H"
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
Foam::twoPhaseSystem::twoPhaseSystem
(
const fvMesh& mesh,
const dimensionedVector& g
)
:
IOdictionary
(
IOobject
(
"phaseProperties",
mesh.time().constant(),
mesh,
IOobject::MUST_READ_IF_MODIFIED,
IOobject::NO_WRITE
)
),
mesh_(mesh),
phase1_
(
*this,
*this,
wordList(lookup("phases"))[0]
),
phase2_
(
*this,
*this,
wordList(lookup("phases"))[1]
),
phi_
(
IOobject
(
"phi",
mesh.time().timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::NO_READ,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
this->calcPhi()
),
dgdt_
(
IOobject
(
"dgdt",
mesh.time().timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::READ_IF_PRESENT,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mesh,
dimensionedScalar("dgdt", dimless/dimTime, 0)
)
{
phase2_.volScalarField::operator=(scalar(1) - phase1_);
// Blending
forAllConstIter(dictionary, subDict("blending"), iter)
{
blendingMethods_.insert
(
iter().dict().dictName(),
blendingMethod::New
(
iter().dict(),
wordList(lookup("phases"))
)
);
}
// Pairs
phasePair::scalarTable sigmaTable(lookup("sigma"));
phasePair::dictTable aspectRatioTable(lookup("aspectRatio"));
pair_.set
(
new phasePair
(
phase1_,
phase2_,
g,
sigmaTable
)
);
pair1In2_.set
(
new orderedPhasePair
(
phase1_,
phase2_,
g,
sigmaTable,
aspectRatioTable
)
);
pair2In1_.set
(
new orderedPhasePair
(
phase2_,
phase1_,
g,
sigmaTable,
aspectRatioTable
)
);
// Models
drag_.set
(
new BlendedInterfacialModel<dragModel>
(
lookup("drag"),
(
blendingMethods_.found("drag")
? blendingMethods_["drag"]
: blendingMethods_["default"]
),
pair_,
pair1In2_,
pair2In1_,
false // Do not zero drag coefficent at fixed-flux BCs
)
);
virtualMass_.set
(
new BlendedInterfacialModel<virtualMassModel>
(
lookup("virtualMass"),
(
blendingMethods_.found("virtualMass")
? blendingMethods_["virtualMass"]
: blendingMethods_["default"]
),
pair_,
pair1In2_,
pair2In1_
)
);
heatTransfer_.set
(
new BlendedInterfacialModel<heatTransferModel>
(
lookup("heatTransfer"),
(
blendingMethods_.found("heatTransfer")
? blendingMethods_["heatTransfer"]
: blendingMethods_["default"]
),
pair_,
pair1In2_,
pair2In1_
)
);
lift_.set
(
new BlendedInterfacialModel<liftModel>
(
lookup("lift"),
(
blendingMethods_.found("lift")
? blendingMethods_["lift"]
: blendingMethods_["default"]
),
pair_,
pair1In2_,
pair2In1_
)
);
wallLubrication_.set
(
new BlendedInterfacialModel<wallLubricationModel>
(
lookup("wallLubrication"),
(
blendingMethods_.found("wallLubrication")
? blendingMethods_["wallLubrication"]
: blendingMethods_["default"]
),
pair_,
pair1In2_,
pair2In1_
)
);
turbulentDispersion_.set
(
new BlendedInterfacialModel<turbulentDispersionModel>
(
lookup("turbulentDispersion"),
(
blendingMethods_.found("turbulentDispersion")
? blendingMethods_["turbulentDispersion"]
: blendingMethods_["default"]
),
pair_,
pair1In2_,
pair2In1_
)
);
}
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Destructor * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
Foam::twoPhaseSystem::~twoPhaseSystem()
{}
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField> Foam::twoPhaseSystem::rho() const
{
return phase1_*phase1_.thermo().rho() + phase2_*phase2_.thermo().rho();
}
Foam::tmp<Foam::volVectorField> Foam::twoPhaseSystem::U() const
{
return phase1_*phase1_.U() + phase2_*phase2_.U();
}
Foam::tmp<Foam::surfaceScalarField> Foam::twoPhaseSystem::calcPhi() const
{
return
fvc::interpolate(phase1_)*phase1_.phi()
+ fvc::interpolate(phase2_)*phase2_.phi();
}
Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField> Foam::twoPhaseSystem::Kd() const
{
return drag_->K();
}
Foam::tmp<Foam::surfaceScalarField> Foam::twoPhaseSystem::Kdf() const
{
return drag_->Kf();
}
Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField> Foam::twoPhaseSystem::Vm() const
{
return virtualMass_->K();
}
Foam::tmp<Foam::surfaceScalarField> Foam::twoPhaseSystem::Vmf() const
{
return virtualMass_->Kf();
}
Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField> Foam::twoPhaseSystem::Kh() const
{
return heatTransfer_->K();
}
Foam::tmp<Foam::volVectorField> Foam::twoPhaseSystem::F() const
{
return lift_->F<vector>() + wallLubrication_->F<vector>();
}
Foam::tmp<Foam::surfaceScalarField> Foam::twoPhaseSystem::Ff() const
{
return lift_->Ff() + wallLubrication_->Ff();
}
Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField> Foam::twoPhaseSystem::D() const
{
return turbulentDispersion_->D();
}
void Foam::twoPhaseSystem::solve()
{
const Time& runTime = mesh_.time();
volScalarField& alpha1 = phase1_;
volScalarField& alpha2 = phase2_;
const surfaceScalarField& phi1 = phase1_.phi();
const surfaceScalarField& phi2 = phase2_.phi();
const dictionary& alphaControls = mesh_.solverDict
(
alpha1.name()
);
label nAlphaSubCycles(readLabel(alphaControls.lookup("nAlphaSubCycles")));
label nAlphaCorr(readLabel(alphaControls.lookup("nAlphaCorr")));
word alphaScheme("div(phi," + alpha1.name() + ')');
word alpharScheme("div(phir," + alpha1.name() + ')');
alpha1.correctBoundaryConditions();
surfaceScalarField phic("phic", phi_);
surfaceScalarField phir("phir", phi1 - phi2);
tmp<surfaceScalarField> alpha1alpha2f;
if (pPrimeByA_.valid())
{
alpha1alpha2f =
fvc::interpolate(max(alpha1, scalar(0)))
*fvc::interpolate(max(alpha2, scalar(0)));
surfaceScalarField phiP
(
pPrimeByA_()*fvc::snGrad(alpha1, "bounded")*mesh_.magSf()
);
phir += phiP;
}
for (int acorr=0; acorr<nAlphaCorr; acorr++)
{
volScalarField::Internal Sp
(
IOobject
(
"Sp",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh_
),
mesh_,
dimensionedScalar("Sp", dgdt_.dimensions(), 0.0)
);
volScalarField::Internal Su
(
IOobject
(
"Su",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh_
),
// Divergence term is handled explicitly to be
// consistent with the explicit transport solution
fvc::div(phi_)*min(alpha1, scalar(1))
);
forAll(dgdt_, celli)
{
if (dgdt_[celli] > 0.0)
{
Sp[celli] -= dgdt_[celli]/max(1.0 - alpha1[celli], 1e-4);
Su[celli] += dgdt_[celli]/max(1.0 - alpha1[celli], 1e-4);
}
else if (dgdt_[celli] < 0.0)
{
Sp[celli] += dgdt_[celli]/max(alpha1[celli], 1e-4);
}
}
surfaceScalarField alphaPhic1
(
fvc::flux
(
phic,
alpha1,
alphaScheme
)
+ fvc::flux
(
-fvc::flux(-phir, scalar(1) - alpha1, alpharScheme),
alpha1,
alpharScheme
)
);
phase1_.correctInflowOutflow(alphaPhic1);
if (nAlphaSubCycles > 1)
{
for
(
subCycle<volScalarField> alphaSubCycle(alpha1, nAlphaSubCycles);
!(++alphaSubCycle).end();
)
{
surfaceScalarField alphaPhic10(alphaPhic1);
MULES::explicitSolve
(
geometricOneField(),
alpha1,
phi_,
alphaPhic10,
(alphaSubCycle.index()*Sp)(),
(Su - (alphaSubCycle.index() - 1)*Sp*alpha1)(),
phase1_.alphaMax(),
0
);
if (alphaSubCycle.index() == 1)
{
phase1_.alphaPhi() = alphaPhic10;
}
else
{
phase1_.alphaPhi() += alphaPhic10;
}
}
phase1_.alphaPhi() /= nAlphaSubCycles;
}
else
{
MULES::explicitSolve
(
geometricOneField(),
alpha1,
phi_,
alphaPhic1,
Sp,
Su,
phase1_.alphaMax(),
0
);
phase1_.alphaPhi() = alphaPhic1;
}
if (pPrimeByA_.valid())
{
fvScalarMatrix alpha1Eqn
(
fvm::ddt(alpha1) - fvc::ddt(alpha1)
- fvm::laplacian(alpha1alpha2f()*pPrimeByA_(), alpha1, "bounded")
);
alpha1Eqn.relax();
alpha1Eqn.solve();
phase1_.alphaPhi() += alpha1Eqn.flux();
}
phase1_.alphaRhoPhi() =
fvc::interpolate(phase1_.rho())*phase1_.alphaPhi();
phase2_.alphaPhi() = phi_ - phase1_.alphaPhi();
phase2_.correctInflowOutflow(phase2_.alphaPhi());
phase2_.alphaRhoPhi() =
fvc::interpolate(phase2_.rho())*phase2_.alphaPhi();
Info<< alpha1.name() << " volume fraction = "
<< alpha1.weightedAverage(mesh_.V()).value()
<< " Min(" << alpha1.name() << ") = " << min(alpha1).value()
<< " Max(" << alpha1.name() << ") = " << max(alpha1).value()
<< endl;
// Ensure the phase-fractions are bounded
alpha1.max(0);
alpha1.min(1);
alpha2 = scalar(1) - alpha1;
}
}
void Foam::twoPhaseSystem::correct()
{
phase1_.correct();
phase2_.correct();
}
void Foam::twoPhaseSystem::correctTurbulence()
{
phase1_.turbulence().correct();
phase2_.turbulence().correct();
}
bool Foam::twoPhaseSystem::read()
{
if (regIOobject::read())
{
bool readOK = true;
readOK &= phase1_.read(*this);
readOK &= phase2_.read(*this);
// models ...
return readOK;
}
else
{
return false;
}
}
const Foam::dragModel& Foam::twoPhaseSystem::drag(const phaseModel& phase) const
{
return drag_->phaseModel(phase);
}
const Foam::virtualMassModel&
Foam::twoPhaseSystem::virtualMass(const phaseModel& phase) const
{
return virtualMass_->phaseModel(phase);
}
const Foam::dimensionedScalar& Foam::twoPhaseSystem::sigma() const
{
return pair_->sigma();
}
// ************************************************************************* //
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