chtMultiRegionFoam now supports reaction/combustion modelling in fluid
regions in the same way as reactingFoam.
TUT: chtMultiRegionFoam: Added reverseBurner tutorial
This tutorial demonstrates chtMultiRegionFoam's combustion capability
The combustion and chemistry models no longer select and own the
thermodynamic model; they hold a reference instead. The construction of
the combustion and chemistry models has been changed to require a
reference to the thermodyanmics, rather than the mesh and a phase name.
At the solver-level the thermo, turbulence and combustion models are now
selected in sequence. The cyclic dependency between the three models has
been resolved, and the raw-pointer based post-construction step for the
combustion model has been removed.
The old solver-level construction sequence (typically in createFields.H)
was as follows:
autoPtr<combustionModels::psiCombustionModel> combustion
(
combustionModels::psiCombustionModel::New(mesh)
);
psiReactionThermo& thermo = combustion->thermo();
// Create rho, U, phi, etc...
autoPtr<compressible::turbulenceModel> turbulence
(
compressible::turbulenceModel::New(rho, U, phi, thermo)
);
combustion->setTurbulence(*turbulence);
The new sequence is:
autoPtr<psiReactionThermo> thermo(psiReactionThermo::New(mesh));
// Create rho, U, phi, etc...
autoPtr<compressible::turbulenceModel> turbulence
(
compressible::turbulenceModel::New(rho, U, phi, *thermo)
);
autoPtr<combustionModels::psiCombustionModel> combustion
(
combustionModels::psiCombustionModel::New(*thermo, *turbulence)
);
ENH: combustionModel, chemistryModel: Simplified model selection
The combustion and chemistry model selection has been simplified so
that the user does not have to specify the form of the thermodynamics.
Examples of new combustion and chemistry entries are as follows:
In constant/combustionProperties:
combustionModel PaSR;
combustionModel FSD;
In constant/chemistryProperties:
chemistryType
{
solver ode;
method TDAC;
}
All the angle bracket parts of the model names (e.g.,
<psiThermoCombustion,gasHThermoPhysics>) have been removed as well as
the chemistryThermo entry.
The changes are mostly backward compatible. Only support for the
angle bracket form of chemistry solver names has been removed. Warnings
will print if some of the old entries are used, as the parts relating to
thermodynamics are now ignored.
ENH: combustionModel, chemistryModel: Simplified model selection
Updated all tutorials to the new format
STYLE: combustionModel: Namespace changes
Wrapped combustion model make macros in the Foam namespace and removed
combustion model namespace from the base classes. This fixes a namespace
specialisation bug in gcc 4.8. It is also somewhat less verbose in the
solvers.
This resolves bug report https://bugs.openfoam.org/view.php?id=2787
ENH: combustionModels: Default to the "none" model
When the constant/combustionProperties dictionary is missing, the solver
will now default to the "none" model. This is consistent with how
radiation models are selected.
and replaced interDyMFoam with a script which reports this change.
The interDyMFoam tutorials have been moved into the interFoam directory.
This change is one of a set of developments to merge dynamic mesh functionality
into the standard solvers to improve consistency, usability, flexibility and
maintainability of these solvers.
Henry G. Weller
CFD Direct Ltd.
interMixingFoam, multiphaseInterFoam: Updated for changes to interFoam
and replaced rhoPimpleDyMFoam with a script which reports this change.
The rhoPimpleDyMFoam tutorials have been moved into the rhoPimpleFoam directory.
This change is the first of a set of developments to merge dynamic mesh
functionality into the standard solvers to improve consistency, usability,
flexibility and maintainability of these solvers.
Henry G. Weller
CFD Direct Ltd.
rhoReactingFoam: Updated for changes to rhoPimpleFoam files
Now pimpleDyMFoam is exactly equivalent to pimpleFoam when running on a
staticFvMesh. Also when the constant/dynamicMeshDict is not present a
staticFvMesh is automatically constructed so that the pimpleDyMFoam solver can
run any pimpleFoam case without change.
pimpleDyMFoam: Store Uf as an autoPtr for better error handling
pimpleFoam: Set initial deltaT from the Courant number
for improved stability on start-up and compatibility with pimpleDyMFoam
ENH: pimpleFoam: Merged dynamic mesh functionality of pimpleDyMFoam into pimpleFoam
and replaced pimpleDyMFoam with a script which reports this change.
The pimpleDyMFoam tutorials have been moved into the pimpleFoam directory.
This change is the first of a set of developments to merge dynamic mesh
functionality into the standard solvers to improve consistency, usability,
flexibility and maintainability of these solvers.
Henry G. Weller
CFD Direct Ltd.
tutorials/incompressible/pimpleFoam: Updated pimpleDyMFoam tutorials to run pimpleFoam
Renamed tutorials/incompressible/pimpleFoam/RAS/wingMotion/wingMotion2D_pimpleDyMFoam
-> tutorials/incompressible/pimpleFoam/RAS/wingMotion/wingMotion2D_pimpleFoam
Correcting thermoSingleLayer.C mask field alpha to avoid heat sources where there is no film.
Tunning fvSolution for alpha for twoPhasePachuka tutorial
- list all regions from constant/regionProperties:
* foamListRegions
- list specific region type from constant/regionProperties:
* foamListRegions fluid
* foamListRegions solid
Within decomposeParDict, it is now possible to specify a different
decomposition method, methods coefficients or number of subdomains
for each region individually.
The top-level numberOfSubdomains remains mandatory, since this
specifies the number of domains for the entire simulation.
The individual regions may use the same number or fewer domains.
Any optional method coefficients can be specified in a general
"coeffs" entry or a method-specific one, eg "metisCoeffs".
For multiLevel, only the method-specific "multiLevelCoeffs" dictionary
is used, and is also mandatory.
----
ENH: shortcut specification for multiLevel.
In addition to the longer dictionary form, it is also possible to
use a shorter notation for multiLevel decomposition when the same
decomposition method applies to each level.
- the dictionary-driven variant of stitchMesh allows sequential
application of 'stitch' operation with requiring intermediate
writing to disk.
- Without arguments:
* stitchMesh uses a system/stitchMeshDict or -dict dict
- With arguments:
* master/slave patches specified on the command-line as in previous
versions.
XiEngineFoam is a premixed/partially-premixed combustion engine solver which
exclusively uses the Xi flamelet combustion model.
engineFoam is a general engine solver for inhomogeneous combustion with or
without spray supporting run-time selection of the chemistry-based combustion
model.
Standard crank-connecting rod and the new free-piston kinematics motion options
are provides, others can easily be added.
Contributed by Francesco Contino and Nicolas Bourgeois, BURN Research Group.
Resolves bug-report https://bugs.openfoam.org/view.php?id=2785
ENH: compressibleInterFoam family: merged two-phase momentum stress modelling from compressibleInterPhaseTransportFoam
The new momentum stress model selector class
compressibleInterPhaseTransportModel is now used to select between the options:
Description
Transport model selection class for the compressibleInterFoam family of
solvers.
By default the standard mixture transport modelling approach is used in
which a single momentum stress model (laminar, non-Newtonian, LES or RAS) is
constructed for the mixture. However if the \c simulationType in
constant/turbulenceProperties is set to \c twoPhaseTransport the alternative
Euler-Euler two-phase transport modelling approach is used in which separate
stress models (laminar, non-Newtonian, LES or RAS) are instantiated for each
of the two phases allowing for different modeling for the phases.
Mixture and two-phase momentum stress modelling is now supported in
compressibleInterFoam, compressibleInterDyMFoam and compressibleInterFilmFoam.
The prototype compressibleInterPhaseTransportFoam solver is no longer needed and
has been removed.
- Instead of relying on #inputMode to effect a global change it is now
possible (and recommended) to a temporary change in the inputMode
for the following entry.
#default : provide default value if entry is not already defined
#overwrite : silently remove a previously existing entry
#warn : warn about duplicate entries
#error : error if any duplicate entries occur
#merge : merge sub-dictionaries when possible (the default mode)
This is generally less cumbersome than the switching the global
inputMode. For example to provide a set of fallback values.
#includeIfPresent "user-files"
...
#default value uniform 10;
vs.
#includeIfPresent "user-files"
#inputMode protect
...
value uniform 10;
#inputMode merge // _Assuming_ we actually had this before
These directives can also be used to suppress the normal dictionary
merge semantics:
#overwrite dict { entry val; ... }
Note: performs its own tracking and does not rely on the base
particle::trackXXX functions, and uses a local particle position.
Look to update to barycentric tracking in the future.
The combined solver includes the most advanced and general functionality from
each solver including:
Continuous phase
Lagrangian multiphase parcels
Optional film
Continuous and Lagrangian phase reactions
Radiation
Strong buoyancy force support by solving for p_rgh
The reactingParcelFoam and reactingParcelFilmFoam tutorials have been combined
and updated.
In this version of compressibleInterFoam separate stress models (laminar,
non-Newtonian, LES or RAS) are instantiated for each of the two phases allowing
for completely different modeling for the phases.
e.g. in the climbingRod tutorial case provided a Newtonian laminar model is
instantiated for the air and a Maxwell non-Newtonian model is instantiated for
the viscoelastic liquid. To stabilize the Maxwell model in regions where the
liquid phase-fraction is 0 the new symmTensorPhaseLimitStabilization fvOption is
applied.
Other phase stress modeling combinations are also possible, e.g. the air may be
turbulent but the liquid laminar and an RAS or LES model applied to the air
only. However, to stabilize this combination a suitable fvOption would need to
be applied to the turbulence properties where the air phase-fraction is 0.
Henry G. Weller, Chris Greenshields
CFD Direct Ltd.
Two boundary conditions for the modelling of semi-permeable baffles have
been added. These baffles are permeable to a number of species within
the flow, and are impermeable to others. The flux of a given species is
calculated as a constant multipled by the drop in mass fraction across
the baffle.
The species mass-fraction condition requires the transfer constant and
the name of the patch on the other side of the baffle:
boundaryField
{
// ...
membraneA
{
type semiPermeableBaffleMassFraction;
samplePatch membranePipe;
c 0.1;
value uniform 0;
}
membraneB
{
type semiPermeableBaffleMassFraction;
samplePatch membraneSleeve;
c 0.1;
value uniform 1;
}
}
If the value of c is omitted, or set to zero, then the patch is
considered impermeable to the species in question. The samplePatch entry
can also be omitted in this case.
The velocity condition does not require any special input:
boundaryField
{
// ...
membraneA
{
type semiPermeableBaffleVelocity;
value uniform (0 0 0);
}
membraneB
{
type semiPermeableBaffleVelocity;
value uniform (0 0 0);
}
}
These two boundary conditions must be used in conjunction, and the
mass-fraction condition must be applied to all species in the
simulation. The calculation will fail with an error message if either is
used in isolation.
A tutorial, combustion/reactingFoam/RAS/membrane, has been added which
demonstrates this transfer process.
This work was done with support from Stefan Lipp, at BASF.
XiEngineFoam is a premixed/partially-premixed combustion engine solver which
exclusively uses the Xi flamelet combustion model.
engineFoam is a general engine solver for inhomogeneous combustion with or
without spray supporting run-time selection of the chemistry-based combustion
model.
Standard crank-connecting rod and the new free-piston kinematics motion options
are provides, others can easily be added.
Contributed by Francesco Contino and Nicolas Bourgeois, BURN Research Group.
- Arrhenius viscocity model for incompressible viscocity.
- energyTransport FO for incompressible single and multiple phase
flows and viscousDissipation fvOption source.
- Tutorial to show the use of energyTransport:
multiphase/multiphaseInterFoam/laminar/mixerVessel2D
- Tutorial to show viscousDissipation:
compressible/rhoPimpleFoam/RAS/TJunction
Community contribution from Johan Roenby, DHI
IsoAdvector is a geometric Volume-of-Fluid method for advection of a
sharp interface between two incompressible fluids. It works on both
structured and unstructured meshes with no requirements on cell shapes.
IsoAdvector is as an alternative choice for the interface compression
treatment with the MULES limiter implemented in the interFoam family
of solvers.
The isoAdvector concept and code was developed at DHI and was funded
by a Sapere Aude postdoc grant to Johan Roenby from The Danish Council
for Independent Research | Technology and Production Sciences (Grant-ID:
DFF - 1337-00118B - FTP).
Co-funding is also provided by the GTS grant to DHI from the Danish
Agency for Science, Technology and Innovation.
The ideas behind and performance of the isoAdvector scheme is
documented in:
Roenby J, Bredmose H, Jasak H. 2016 A computational method for sharp
interface advection. R. Soc. open sci. 3: 160405.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.160405](http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.160405)
Videos showing isoAdvector's performance with a number of standard
test cases can be found in this youtube channel:
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCt6Idpv4C8TTgz1iUX0prAA
Project contributors:
* Johan Roenby <jro@dhigroup.com> (Inventor and main developer)
* Hrvoje Jasak <hrvoje.jasak@fsb.hr> (Consistent treatment of
boundary faces including processor boundaries, parallelisation,
code clean up
* Henrik Bredmose <hbre@dtu.dk> (Assisted in the conceptual
development)
* Vuko Vukcevic <vuko.vukcevic@fsb.hr> (Code review, profiling,
porting to foam-extend, bug fixing, testing)
* Tomislav Maric <tomislav@sourceflux.de> (Source file
rearrangement)
* Andy Heather <a.heather@opencfd.co.uk> (Integration into OpenFOAM
for v1706 release)
See the integration repository below to see the full set of changes
implemented for release into OpenFOAM v1706
https://develop.openfoam.com/Community/Integration-isoAdvector
Adding special alphaCourantNo for overlaping
Adding bounded term to UEq.H for overInterDyMFoam
Changing to NO_WRITE for the cellMask field
Changing twoSimpleRotors tutorial to open domain
Adds overset discretisation to selected physics:
- diffusion : overLaplacianDyMFoam
- incompressible steady : overSimpleFoam
- incompressible transient : overPimpleDyMFoam
- compressible transient: overRhoPimpleDyMFoam
- two-phase VOF: overInterDyMFoam
The overset method chosen is a parallel, fully implicit implementation
whereby the interpolation (from donor to acceptor) is inserted as an
adapted discretisation on the donor cells, such that the resulting matrix
can be solved using the standard linear solvers.
Above solvers come with a set of tutorials, showing how to create and set-up
simple simulations from scratch.
- Use on/off vs longer compressed/uncompressed.
For consistency, replaced yes/no with on/off.
- Avoid the combination of binary/compressed,
which is disallowed and provokes a warning anyhow
Solver for low Mach no. flows with adiabatic thermodynamics and updated
pressure-velocity coupling given by the RCM interpolation procedure
described in
\verbatim
Knacke, T. (2013).
Potential effects of Rhie & Chow type interpolations in airframe
noise simulations. In: Schram, C., Dénos, R., Lecomte E. (ed):
Accurate and efficient aeroacoustic prediction approaches for
airframe noise, VKI LS 2013-03.
\endverbatim
Original code supplied by Thilo Knacke, CFD E+F GmbH
contact: info@cfd-berlin.com
Integrated into OpenFOAM by OpenCFD Ltd.
Original commit message:
------------------------
Parallel IO: New collated file format
When an OpenFOAM simulation runs in parallel, the data for decomposed fields and
mesh(es) has historically been stored in multiple files within separate
directories for each processor. Processor directories are named 'processorN',
where N is the processor number.
This commit introduces an alternative "collated" file format where the data for
each decomposed field (and mesh) is collated into a single file, which is
written and read on the master processor. The files are stored in a single
directory named 'processors'.
The new format produces significantly fewer files - one per field, instead of N
per field. For large parallel cases, this avoids the restriction on the number
of open files imposed by the operating system limits.
The file writing can be threaded allowing the simulation to continue running
while the data is being written to file. NFS (Network File System) is not
needed when using the the collated format and additionally, there is an option
to run without NFS with the original uncollated approach, known as
"masterUncollated".
The controls for the file handling are in the OptimisationSwitches of
etc/controlDict:
OptimisationSwitches
{
...
//- Parallel IO file handler
// uncollated (default), collated or masterUncollated
fileHandler uncollated;
//- collated: thread buffer size for queued file writes.
// If set to 0 or not sufficient for the file size threading is not used.
// Default: 2e9
maxThreadFileBufferSize 2e9;
//- masterUncollated: non-blocking buffer size.
// If the file exceeds this buffer size scheduled transfer is used.
// Default: 2e9
maxMasterFileBufferSize 2e9;
}
When using the collated file handling, memory is allocated for the data in the
thread. maxThreadFileBufferSize sets the maximum size of memory in bytes that
is allocated. If the data exceeds this size, the write does not use threading.
When using the masterUncollated file handling, non-blocking MPI communication
requires a sufficiently large memory buffer on the master node.
maxMasterFileBufferSize sets the maximum size in bytes of the buffer. If the
data exceeds this size, the system uses scheduled communication.
The installation defaults for the fileHandler choice, maxThreadFileBufferSize
and maxMasterFileBufferSize (set in etc/controlDict) can be over-ridden within
the case controlDict file, like other parameters. Additionally the fileHandler
can be set by:
- the "-fileHandler" command line argument;
- a FOAM_FILEHANDLER environment variable.
A foamFormatConvert utility allows users to convert files between the collated
and uncollated formats, e.g.
mpirun -np 2 foamFormatConvert -parallel -fileHandler uncollated
An example case demonstrating the file handling methods is provided in:
$FOAM_TUTORIALS/IO/fileHandling
The work was undertaken by Mattijs Janssens, in collaboration with Henry Weller.
Evolves an electrical potential equation
\f[
\grad \left( \sigma \grad V \right)
\f]
where \f$ V \f$ is electrical potential and \f$\sigma\f$ is the
electrical current
To provide a Joule heating contribution according to:
Differential form of Joule heating - power per unit volume:
\f[
\frac{d(P)}{d(V)} = J \cdot E
\f]
where \f$ J \f$ is the current density and \f$ E \f$ the electric
field.
If no magnetic field is present:
\f[
J = \sigma E
\f]
The electric field given by
\f[
E = \grad V
\f]
Therefore:
\f[
\frac{d(P)}{d(V)} = J \cdot E
= (sigma E) \cdot E
= (sigma \grad V) \cdot \grad V
\f]
Usage
Isotropic (scalar) electrical conductivity
\verbatim
jouleHeatingSourceCoeffs
{
anisotropicElectricalConductivity no;
// Optionally specify the conductivity as a function of
// temperature
// Note: if not supplied, this will be read from the time
// directory
sigma table
(
(273 1e5)
(1000 1e5)
);
}
\endverbatim
Anisotropic (vectorial) electrical conductivity
jouleHeatingSourceCoeffs
{
anisotropicElectricalConductivity yes;
coordinateSystem
{
type cartesian;
origin (0 0 0);
coordinateRotation
{
type axesRotation;
e1 (1 0 0);
e3 (0 0 1);
}
}
// Optionally specify sigma as a function of temperature
//sigma (31900 63800 127600);
//
//sigma table
//(
// (0 (0 0 0))
// (1000 (127600 127600 127600))
//);
}
Where:
\table
Property | Description | Required | Default
value
T | Name of temperature field | no | T
sigma | Electrical conductivity as a function of
temperature |no|
anisotropicElectricalConductivity | Anisotropic flag | yes |
\endtable
The electrical conductivity can be specified using either:
- If the \c sigma entry is present the electrical conductivity is
specified
as a function of temperature using a Function1 type
- If not present the sigma field will be read from file
- If the anisotropicElectricalConductivity flag is set to 'true',
sigma
should be specified as a vector quantity
NOTE: in Reaction.C constructors bool initReactionThermo is used by solidReaction where there is no
need of setting a lhs - rhs thermo type for each reaction. This is needed for mechanism with reversible reactions
This tutorial demonstrates moving mesh and AMI with a Lagrangian cloud.
It is very slow, as interaction lists (required to compute collisions)
are not optimised for moving meshes. The simulation time has therefore
been made very short, so that it finishes in a reasonable time. The
mixer only completes a small fraction of a rotation in this time. This
is still sufficient to test tracking and collisions in the presence of
AMI and mesh motion.
In order to generate a convincing animation, however, the end time must
be increased and the simulation run for a number of days.
and the continuous-phase simulation type
For LTS and steady-state simulations the transient option does not need to be
provided as only steady-state tracking is appropriate. For transient running
the Lagrangian tracking may be steady or transient.
terms of the local barycentric coordinates of the current tetrahedron,
rather than the global coordinate system.
Barycentric tracking works on any mesh, irrespective of mesh quality.
Particles do not get "lost", and tracking does not require ad-hoc
"corrections" or "rescues" to function robustly, because the calculation
of particle-face intersections is unambiguous and reproducible, even at
small angles of incidence.
Each particle position is defined by topology (i.e. the decomposed tet
cell it is in) and geometry (i.e. where it is in the cell). No search
operations are needed on restart or reconstruct, unlike when particle
positions are stored in the global coordinate system.
The particle positions file now contains particles' local coordinates
and topology, rather than the global coordinates and cell. This change
to the output format is not backwards compatible. Existing cases with
Lagrangian data will not restart, but they will still run from time
zero without any modification. This change was necessary in order to
guarantee that the loaded particle is valid, and therefore
fundamentally prevent "loss" and "search-failure" type bugs (e.g.,
2517, 2442, 2286, 1836, 1461, 1341, 1097).
The tracking functions have also been converted to function in terms
of displacement, rather than end position. This helps remove floating
point error issues, particularly towards the end of a tracking step.
Wall bounded streamlines have been removed. The implementation proved
incompatible with the new tracking algorithm. ParaView has a surface
LIC plugin which provides equivalent, or better, functionality.
Additionally, bug report <https://bugs.openfoam.org/view.php?id=2517>
is resolved by this change.
- although this has been supported for many years, the tutorials
continued to use "convertToMeters" entry, which is specific to blockMesh.
The "scale" is more consistent with other dictionaries.
ENH:
- ignore "scale 0;" (treat as no scaling) for blockMeshDict,
consistent with use elsewhere.
